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Field Methods
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Article

Targeted Sampling in Drug Abuse Research: A Review and Case Study

James A. Peterson1*, Heather Schacht Reisinger2, Robert P. Schwartz1, Shannon Gwin Mitchell1, Sharon M. Kelly1, Barry S. Brown1, and Michael H. Agar3

1 Friends Research Institute, Inc.
2 CRIISP, Iowa City VA Medical Center
3 Friends Research Institute, Inc., and Ethknoworks

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: jamespeterson4{at}comcast.net.


  Abstract
Locating and recruiting out-of-treatment drug-dependent individuals for inclusion in research studies are important and challenging tasks. Targeted sampling, a technique to reach such populations, has been described in the substance abuse literature. However, this literature has generally lacked a recent detailed account of the procedures for planning and implementing targeted sampling. This article provides a review of the literature of targeted sampling in drug abuse studies and a detailed description of methodology employed in our ongoing study of entry and engagement among opioiddependent individuals in Baltimore, Maryland. Findings indicate that the out-of-treatment samples recruited from the streets are quite similar to those recruited from new admissions to opioid treatment programs, except for their prior treatment experience. This article indicates that targeted sampling can be useful in an urban setting with pervasive drug use.

First published on March 20, 2008, doi:10.1177/1525822X08314988

Field Methods 2008;20:155.

A more recent version of this article appeared on May 1, 2008

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